The bacterial blight pathogen of rice (Oryza sativa), Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, secretes a highly conserved sulfated peptide called Ax21, which mediates quorum sensing by controlling Xanthomonas motility, biofilm formation, and virulence.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2398

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

A pre-tRNA intron is excised in one step 

Finally, hydrolysis of GTP and ATP is required to join the two tRNA halves generated by cleavage on either side of the intron.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2399

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

There are two classes of snoRNPs involved in rRNA processing in nucleolus. 

The box H/ACA snoRNPs are involved in pseudouridylylation, and box C/D snoRNPs function in 2-O-methylations.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2400

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Sigma Region 3/4 linker mimics RNA

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2401

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Region ¾ linker of s lies in the middle of the RNA exit channel in the open complex

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2402

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

TF11S displays little similarity in sequence or structure to the Gre factors, but it binds to the same part of the enzyme, the RNA polymerase secondary channel (pore). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2403

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The cleavage activity is intrinsic to RNA polymerase itself, it is stimulated greatly by accessory factors that are ubiquitous in the three biological kingdoms. There are two such factors in E. coli, GreA and GreB, and eukaryotic RNA polymerase II uses TFIIS for the same purpose.